{"id":604,"date":"2019-11-17T22:56:48","date_gmt":"2019-11-17T19:56:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/?p=604"},"modified":"2019-12-27T17:27:26","modified_gmt":"2019-12-27T14:27:26","slug":"incoterms2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/2019\/11\/17\/incoterms2020\/","title":{"rendered":"INCOTERMS 2020 \u0130LE GELEN YEN\u0130L\u0130KLER"},"content":{"rendered":"

Incoterms; Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131(ICC \u2013 International Chamber of Commerce) taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen ve ihracata konu e\u015fyan\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 esnas\u0131ndaki; risk, sorumluluk ve maliyetlerin taraflar aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen kurallard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 (ICC) taraf\u0131ndan 1936 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri yay\u0131nlanan Ticaret Ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n Yorumlanmas\u0131nda Uluslararas\u0131 Kurallar (Incoterms \u2013 International Commercial Terms), son d\u00f6nemlerde 1990, 2000 ve 2010 olmak \u00fczere 10\u2019ar y\u0131ll\u0131k periyodlarla g\u00fcncellenmektedir. Incoterms olarak bilinen ticari teslim \u015fekilleri, s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fen k\u00fcresel ticaret ortam\u0131na uyum sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7in, Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulmak \u00fczere g\u00fcncellenmeye haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Incoterms 2020, \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda Avrupal\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukta olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, ilk kez \u00c7in ve Avustralya’dan temsilciler i\u00e7eren bir Uzman Komite taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu Komite, Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 150 \u00fcyesinden ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan avukatlar, t\u00fcccarlar ve \u015firket temsilcilerinden (\u00e7o\u011funlukla Ticaret Odalar\u0131) gelen farkl\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere d\u00fczenli olarak toplanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Genel s\u00fcre\u00e7, i\u015fleyi\u015fin g\u00f6zlemlenmesi, iyile\u015ftirilebilecek kurallar\u0131n tespit edilmesi, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki kurallar\u0131n ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan durumlar\u0131n incelenmesinden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde tan\u0131t\u0131lan Incoterm 2020 Kurallar\u0131, resmi olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi 1 Ocak 2020 tarihinden kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde te\u015fvik edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Incoterms 2020 i\u00e7eri\u011finde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir;<\/p>\n

DAT Teslim \u015eeklinin DPU Olarak De\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi<\/h2>\n

DAT (Delivered At Terminal) teslim \u015feklinde; sat\u0131c\u0131, y\u00fck\u00fc al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkesinde belirlenen bir teslimat terminaline, var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda bo\u015faltma i\u015flemi de dahil olmak \u00fczere, y\u00fck\u00fc teslim etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bo\u015faltma i\u015flemi sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funda olmakla birlikte, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Anla\u015f\u0131lan yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemlerinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 adreste bo\u015faltma i\u015flemi yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, t\u00fcm risk sat\u0131c\u0131dan al\u0131c\u0131ya ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

DPU (Delivered At Place Unloaded) teslim \u015fekli ise; al\u0131c\u0131 ve sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131\u011f\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkesindeki herhangi bir adreste, bo\u015faltma i\u015flemi dahil teslimat\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. 2010 kurallar\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olan DAT teslim \u015feklinden fark\u0131, \u00abterminal\u00bb yerine \u00abadres\u00bb kelimesinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130thalat g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funda iken, teslimat adresindeki bo\u015faltma i\u015flemi sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r.\u00a0Terminal kelimesinin; al\u0131c\u0131 ve sat\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan mutab\u0131k kal\u0131nan ithalat g\u00fcmr\u00fckleme adresi olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, teslim \u015feklini daha anla\u015f\u0131labilir hale getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

CIP ve CIF Teslim \u015eekillerinin Sigorta Kapsam\u0131nda De\u011fi\u015fiklik<\/h2>\n

The Incoterms 2010 uyar\u0131nca; CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid to) ve CIF (Cost, Insurance & Freight) teslim \u015fekillerinde, sat\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan dar kapsaml\u0131 (Tam Ziya Klozu, C Kloz) sigorta yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/p>\n

The Incoterms 2020 ile birlikte, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011fu s\u00fcreci kapsayan sigortan\u0131n, geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 sigorta (All Risk, A Kloz) \u015fartlar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 gereklidir. Ancak, farkl\u0131 kapsaml\u0131 bir sigorta se\u00e7me hakk\u0131, taraflar\u0131n insiyatifine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buradaki ama\u00e7, taraflar\u0131n ma\u011fduriyetinin \u00f6nlenmesidir.<\/p>\n

FCA Teslim \u015eeklinin Akreditifli Ta\u015f\u0131malarda Kullan\u0131labilmesi<\/h2>\n

FCA (Free Carrier) teslim \u015fekline gelen g\u00fcncelleme ile birlikte, bu teslim \u015feklinin akreditifli y\u00fcklemelerde de kullan\u0131labilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Normal \u015fartlarda akreditifli y\u00fcklemelerin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu \u00abta\u015f\u0131ta y\u00fcklendi(on-board)\u00bb ifadesi sebebiyle, denizyolu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ta\u015f\u0131ma t\u00fcrlerinde de \u2013yanl\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen- FOB teslim \u015fekli kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. The Incoterms\u00ae 2020 ile birlikte; nakliyeciye teslim \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 da kapsayan FCA teslim \u015feklinin, -denizyolu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda- akreditifli \u00f6deme \u015fekliyle yap\u0131lacak ta\u015f\u0131malarda kullan\u0131labilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale gelmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fck\u00fcn ana ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 yapacak ta\u015f\u0131ta y\u00fcklendi\u011fi ve \u00abon-board\u00bb ifadesinin yer verildi\u011fi FCA teslim \u015feklindeki y\u00fcklemelerde, akreditifli \u00f6deme \u015fekli kullan\u0131labilecektir.<\/p>\n

Taraflar\u0131n Sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131n S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye Aktar\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

The Incoterms 2020 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcyle birlikte; ihracat ve ithalatta g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri yapma zorunlulu\u011fu, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n mallar\u0131 devralma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, mallar\u0131n y\u00fckleme adresinden nihai var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na kadar ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, sat\u0131c\u0131 ile al\u0131c\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki risklerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 gibi konularda; karar k\u0131l\u0131nan teslim \u015feklinin 10 ana ba\u015fl\u0131kta\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00f6zle\u015fme tasla\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taraflar\u0131n g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bi\u00e7imde ifade edilebilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bu uygulamayla birlikte, taraflar\u0131n maliyet ve sorumluluk konular\u0131nda ihtilaf ve anla\u015fmazl\u0131k durumlar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Zorunluluklar\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\nAl\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Zorunluluklar\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 1.<\/strong>\u00a0Genel Taahh\u00fctler<\/td>\nB 1.<\/strong> Genel Taahh\u00fctler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 2.<\/strong>\u00a0Teslimat<\/td>\nB 2.<\/strong>\u00a0Tesell\u00fcm (Teslim Alma)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 3.<\/strong>\u00a0Risk Transferi<\/td>\nB 3.<\/strong> Risk Transferi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 4.\u00a0<\/strong>Ta\u015f\u0131ma Sorumluluklar\u0131<\/td>\nB 4.\u00a0<\/strong>Ta\u015f\u0131ma Sorumluluklar\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 5.\u00a0<\/strong>Sigorta<\/td>\nB 5.\u00a0<\/strong>Sigorta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 6.\u00a0<\/strong>Teslimat\/Ta\u015f\u0131ma Evrak\u0131<\/td>\nB 6.\u00a0<\/strong>Teslimat\u0131n Kan\u0131t\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 7.\u00a0<\/strong>\u0130hracat\/\u0130thalat G\u00fcmr\u00fck \u0130\u015flemi<\/td>\nB 7.\u00a0<\/strong>\u0130hracat\/\u0130thalat G\u00fcmr\u00fck \u0130\u015flemi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 8.\u00a0<\/strong>Kontrol\/Paketleme\/Etiketleme<\/td>\nB 8. <\/strong>Kontrol\/Paketleme\/Etiketleme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 9.\u00a0<\/strong>Masraflar\u0131n Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nB 9.<\/strong>Masraflar\u0131n Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A 10.\u00a0<\/strong>\u0130hbar\/Tebli\u011f Durumlar\u0131<\/td>\nB 10.<\/strong>\u0130hbar\/Tebli\u011f Durumlar\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Son g\u00fcncelleme ile birlikte, son 10 y\u0131lda meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fikliklere uyum sa\u011flan\u0131larak, ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar ile ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n

Yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli hedeflerinden bir tanesi, mevcut teslim \u015fekillerini basitle\u015ftirmek olacakt\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131sa zamanda t\u00fcm firmalar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131 hedeflenen The Incoterms 2020 teslim \u015fartlar\u0131, 2010 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131rmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak, yenilenen kurallar\u0131n tam anlam\u0131yla uygulamaya ge\u00e7i\u015fi uzun bir zaman alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Konu hakk\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m sunum dosyama, The-Incoterms-2020<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0ba\u011flant\u0131 adresine t\u0131klayarak eri\u015febilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

\"\"Kaynak :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.tradefinanceglobal.com\/freight-forwarding\/incoterms-2020\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/www.tradefinanceglobal.com\/freight-forwarding\/incoterms\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. https:\/\/iccwbo.org\/resources-for-business\/incoterms-rules\/incoterms-2020\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Incoterms; Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131(ICC \u2013 International Chamber of Commerce) taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen ve ihracata konu e\u015fyan\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 esnas\u0131ndaki; risk, sorumluluk ve maliyetlerin taraflar aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen kurallard\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 (ICC) taraf\u0131ndan 1936 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri yay\u0131nlanan Ticaret Ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n Yorumlanmas\u0131nda Uluslararas\u0131 Kurallar…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[89,86,88,87,90,91,92,82,85,84,83,80,81],"class_list":["post-604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tmgd","tag-cfr","tag-cif","tag-cip","tag-cpt","tag-dap","tag-ddp","tag-dpu","tag-exw","tag-fas","tag-fca","tag-fob","tag-incoterms2020","tag-trade","no-post-thumbnail"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=604"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":651,"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604\/revisions\/651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yagizozbir.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}